Figure 1
From: Computer Aided Modeling of Human Mastoid Cavity Biomechanics Using Finite Element Analysis
(a) Axial HRCT image of a normal right temporal bone, including ossicles (small arrow) and mastoid cavity (large arrow). (b) Finite element model of human right ear including tympanic membrane, ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes), suspensory ligament/muscles, tympanic annulus, Eustachian tube (small arrow), external ear canal (large arrow) and tympanic cavity (arrow head) in anterior view. The tympanic cavity was expressed in transparency. (c) Finite element model of human right ear including tympanic membrane, ossicles (malleus, incus, and stapes), suspensory ligament/muscles, tympanic annulus, external ear canal (large arrow), Eustachian tube (small arrow), tympanic cavity, and mastoid cavity (arrow head) in anterior view. The middle ear cavity was expressed in transparency. (d) Finite element model of human right ear demonstrated the tympanic cavity was connected to the mastoid cavity (arrow head) through the aditus (arrow).