Table 1 The formulas to estimate the first five AC coefficients of each 
DCT block (1).
DCT block (1).From: A New Robust Watermarking Scheme to Increase Image Security
Estimation formulas (Gonzales's method) | Estimation formulas for smoother blocks (Veeraswamy's method) | Estimation formulas for featured blocks (Veeraswamy's method) |
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