Operation | Type | Specification | GA | PSO | SCE | SIMPSA |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
 |  |  | RR | RR | RR | RR |
Blurring | Gaussian filter | 9 × 9 | 99.68% | 99.98% | 99.75% | 99.62% |
Surround cropping | Â | 26% | 98.52% | 99.61% | 96.16% | 97.76% |
Quarter | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
cropping | Â | 25% | 98.38% | 99.62% | 96.30% | 98.04% |
Noise addition | Gaussian noise | Mean = 0 Variance = 0.01 | 95.78% | 99.52% | 92.54% | 95.56% |
JPEG compression | Â | Quality factor = 80 | 99.89% | 99.99% | 99.83% | 99.69% |
Scaling | Â | Â | 99.86% | 99.99% | 99.54% | 99.51% |
Sharpening | Linear mapping | Â | 99.84% | 99.99% | 99.65% | 99.66% |
Median filtering | Nonlinear filter | 9 × 9 | 98.66% | 99.68% | 96.87% | 98.20% |
Average | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â | Â |
filtering | Linear filter | 9 × 9 | 98.20% | 99.66% | 96.55% | 98.16% |
Gamma correction | Â | 0.7 | 99.35% | 99.92% | 98.60% | 98.95% |
Histogram equalization | Â | Uniform | 96.98% | 99.52% | 95.35% | 97.30% |
Pixel shifting |  | 60 × 60 | 91.73% | 98.20% | 83.44% | 90.54% |
ARR | Â | Â | 98.07% | 99.64% | 96.22% | 97.75% |