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Table 1 Inclusion and exclusion criteria for the clinical study

From: Nonlinear analysis of electromyogram following gait training with myoelectrically triggered neuromuscular electrical stimulation in stroke survivors

Inclusion criteria

Exclusion criteria

Age 21–80 years

Brainstem stroke

>6 months from a first clinical non-hemorrhagic or hemorrhagic stroke

Epilepsy

Medically stable

Severely impaired cognition and communication

Unilateral lower extremity hemi-paresis

History of peroneal nerve injury

Able to ambulate 16 feet (5 m) continuously with minimal assistance or less, without the use of an ankle foot orthosis (AFO)

History of Parkinson’s, spinal cord injury, traumatic brain injury, multiple sclerosis, uncontrolled seizure disorder

AFO is clinically indicated (foot-drop during ambulation)

Uncompensated hemi-neglect (extinguishing to double simultaneous stimulation)

Electrical stimulation of the paretic ankle dorsiflexors produces ankle dorsiflexion to neutral without pain

Edema of the paretic lower extremity

Full voluntary dorsiflexion of the contralateral ankle

Absent sensation of lower leg and foot

Skin intact on hemiparetic lower extremity

History of cardiac arrhythmias with hemodynamic instability

 

Cardiac pacemaker or other implanted electronic system

 

Botulinum toxin injections to any lower extremity muscle in the last 3 months

 

Evidence of deep venous thrombosis or thromboembolism