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Table 3 Select list of AM-FM applications in Biomedical Imaging

From: Recent multiscale AM-FM methods in emerging applications in medical imaging

Author

Filterbank

AM-FM Demodulation Method

Medical Application

Fleet and Jepson 1990 [11]

3D Gabor filterbank

See section 3.1.

Motivated applications of motion estimation based on phase-based methods. See HARP method in [74].

Pattichis et al. 2000 [7]

Gabor filterbank

QEA

Electron microscopy image segmentation

Maragos et al. 2002 [78]

1D Gabor filterbank

ESA

Doppler ultrasound spectroscopy resolution

Elshinawy et al. 2004 [75, 76]

Gabor filterbank

QEA and continuous-space demodulation

Demonstrated AM-FM reconstructions of breast cancer images

Boudraa et al. 2006 [77]

 

Cross Ψ B energy operator

Nuclear cardiac sequences for one normal and four abnormal cases

Alexandratou et al. 2006 [79]

Gabor filterbank

Vector-valued ESA for color images

Ploidy image analysis (cancer).

Murray et al. 2007 [13]

Dyadic 3D filterbank (optimal design)

QEA + new AM and FM motion estimation

Motion Estimation for Atheroscle-rotic Plaque videos compared against other Phased-based method

Murray et al. 2008 [8], Agurto et al. 2008 [85] and Barriga et al. [86]

Dyadic 2D filterbank

New VS-LLP method

Retinal image analysis.

Pitris et al. 2009 [111–113]

Gabor

QEA

Optical coherence tomography.

Rodriguez et al. 2002-2006 [114–116]

Dyadic 2D filterbank

QEA implementation using SIMD

Cardiac applications including Wireless Transmission.

Gill et al. 2005 [117]

 

1D monocomponent AM-FM

Detection and identification of heart sounds.

Ramachandran et al. 2001 [102, 109], Pattichis et al. 2002 [103] and Murray etal. 2009 [67, 68]

Polynomial 2D filterbank [102, 103, 109] and Dyadic 2D fil-terbank (optimal design) [67, 68]

Hilbert-based AM-FM

Analysis of pneumoconiosis X-Ray images.

Nguyen et al. 2008 [91]

1D filters and Kalman filters

1D Hilbert based AM-FM

Analysis of Electroencephalography.

Christodoulou et al. 2009 [80, 81] and Loizou et al. 2009 [82]

Dyadic 2D filterbank

New VS-LLP method

Segmentation and classification in the carotid artery.

Belaid et al. [97]

Quadrature filters [49]

Monogenic Signal.

Segmentation of ultrasound images.