Figure 2

Overall procedure of the two-stage classifier.${\overline{\Lambda }}_N$ and ${\overline{\Lambda }}_P$ are the thresholds of LLR estimated by each GMM for normal and pathological voices in training procedure. ${\overline{\gamma }}_3$ and ${\overline{\gamma }}_4$ are means of the normalized skewness and kurtosis, respectively. ${\overline{{\gamma }_3}}_{\mathit{thre}}$ and ${\overline{{\gamma }_4}}_{\mathit{thre}}$ are the thresholds optimized from ${\overline{\gamma }}_3$ and ${\overline{\gamma }}_4$ in training procedure. $\overline{\Lambda }$ is the LLR estimated from the pre-trained GMM in test procedure.