Figure 2

Example of relative expected value and the differences between approximative bias and true bias. (a) The relative expected value$E\left[{Ŝ}_x\left(f\right)\right]/S_x\left(f\right)$. (b) The difference between the approximative bias and the true bias of ALSB, TNBA(2), and ENBA(2). (c) The difference between the approximative bias and the true bias of ALSB, TNBA(1), and ENBA(1). A simulated AR(12) process is used with 10,000 realizations.