Table 2 Perturbation statistics (downrange, crossrange) for fixed spatial correlation η =0.3 and various wall roughness percentages and weighting parameter

For γ=0.1

 Perturbation bias (m)

(0.0246, 0.06)

(−0.0039,0.0882)

(−0.0529,0.1338)

 Perturbation variance (m²)

(0.0001, 0.0001)

(0.0022, 0.0011)

(0.0121, 0.0024)

For γ=0.3

 Perturbation bias (m)

(0.0201, 0.0756)

(0.0037,0.0886)

(−0.0173,0.1148)

 Perturbation variance (m²)

(0.0001, 0.0001)

(0.0008, 0.0008)

(0.0041, 0.0012)

For γ=0.6

 Perturbation bias (m)

(0.017, 0.0787)

(0.0149,0.0802)

(−0.0057,0.099)

 Perturbation variance (m²)

(0.000, 0.000)

(0.0002, 0.0002)

(0.0017, 0.0007)