Table 1 Performance and complexity comparison

Joint estimation capability

Yes (3/3)

Partly (2/3)

No (1/3)

Yes (3/3)

AS accuracy at practical high values

+

-

N.A.

-

AoA accuracy

+

-

N.A.

-

DS accuracy at practical low values

+

N.A.

-

-

Complexity order (floating-point operations)

$N_{\text{s}}{N}_{\text{a}}^2-N_{\text{a}}^2$

$N_{\text{s}}{N}_{\text{a}}^2$

N_a (N_s - 1)

$N_{\text{s}}{N}_{\text{a}}^2+(N_{\text{s}}-1)$

(p + 1)³

N_a (p + 1)³