Table 4 Comparison of signal fingerprinting approaches based on RSSI, RSRP, CSI vectors, and RSRP/CSI descriptors (1 cell, 6 RBs)

RSSI

4.32

3.76

5.40

36

–

RSRP

3.00

2.28

4.63

58

–

CSI

2.91

2.28

4.17

57

–

2 RSRP/CSI descriptors

2.82

1.94

4.17

57

CSI mean

RSRP standard deviation

3 RSRP/CSI descriptors

2.81

2.07

4.17

57

CSI mean

RSRP mean

RSRP standard deviation

4 RSRP/CSI descriptors

2.86

2.07

4.63

57

CSI mean

RSRP mean

RSRP standard deviation

RSRP Fano factor