Fig. 4
![Fig. 4](http://media.springernature.com/full/springer-static/image/art%3A10.1186%2Fs13634-022-00905-z/MediaObjects/13634_2022_905_Fig4_HTML.png)
Behavior of the cost functions (12) except for the constant term under the babble noise condition in the proposed basis-optimizing RCSCMEs. The cost functions are averaged over 10 parameter-initialization random seeds. The shape parameter \(\rho\) in GGD is set to 2