Table 3 User positioning accuracy comparison of opportunistic signal Doppler measurements
From: Receiver architectures for positioning with low earth orbit satellite signals: a survey
User | Aid | Lowest RMSE [m] | Note | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Static | TLE, EKF | 11.38 | Experiment 25 SV, 4 minutes vs. simulation | [30] |
Dynamic | IMU, altimeter, EKF | 10.5 | TLE and GNSS initialization | [22] |
Static | altimeter, TLE | 7.7 (2D) | Utilizing Starlink signals | [31] |
Static | TLE, EKF | 132 (2D) | Experiment multi-constellation | [5] |
Static | TLE, altimeter | 168 (2D) | Low signal environment tracking loop improvement | [32] |
Dynamic | INS, TLE, EKF | 200 to 1000 | Aircraft trajectory calculation | [6] |
Dynamic, Static | AoA, KF | 100 (near base) | Feasibility study with base station and dynamic receiver | [33] |