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Table 5 Confusion Matrix at SNR =−6 dB.

From: Automatic Modulation Recognition Using Wavelet Transform and Neural Networks in Wireless Systems

 

QAM16

QAM32

QAM64

QAM16

99.5

0.4

0.1

QAM32

0.2

99.3

0.5

QAM64

0.1

0.1

99.8

  1. The confusion matrix shows a high percentage of correct QAM intra-class recognition when SNR is not lower than  dB.