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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Innovative design of wall painting pattern based on microprocessor system and evolutionary computer technology

This article was retracted on 10 September 2022

This article has been updated

Abstract

With the improvement of people’s living standards, people pay more and more attention to the indoor living environment. This research mainly discusses the research and realization of the innovative design of wall painting patterns based on the microprocessor system and the evolution of computer technology. Pattern design is an important field in art design. The understanding of pattern design in modern design is all patterns, graphics, and even symbols that can cause visual beauty and convey information. Its form can be flat or three-dimensional. Evolutionary Computation is a highly parallel, random and adaptive search algorithm developed based on natural selection and evolutionary mechanisms in the biological world. This article proposes a sub-graphics exchange method, the main idea is to achieve the overall aesthetic effect by exchanging the corresponding individual sub-graphics. The system can naturally store the pattern library. The wall painting works selected by the user and the simulation environment image are merged to generate a wall painting simulation effect diagram. In the process of wall painting pattern design, if you encounter a satisfactory pattern during evolution, you can save its parameters into the pattern database at any time. In the rendering simulation stage, if the user chooses to import wall photos by himself, the image format should be in jpg format, and the camera angle should be as close to the wall as possible, so that the wall painting pattern can be mapped vertically on the wall. The processor correctly realized the multi-core JPEG decoding function, and the system pattern processing efficiency reached 91%. The pattern design system designed in this study is highly innovative.

1 Introduction

Microprocessor design is a complex design system, which requires multi-level design to optimize multi-objectives. In order to better evaluate the various combinations in the design space, it is necessary to combine the information of the physical design to optimize the performance of the system design. The pattern design in the new era is not and should not be a simple graphic change. It should contain many aspects. Only when it has the beauty of form, the novelty of the content, the vivid performance, the rich connotation, and the effective communication of emotion can it be called. It is a pattern design in line with the times. The intelligence of evolutionary computing includes self-organization, self-adaptation and self-learning. Therefore, the single-core processor system has been unable to meet the real-time requirements of future image processing.

Evolutionary computing is inherently parallel, that is, the evolutionary algorithm itself is very suitable for large-scale parallelism. Patterns predate painting and writing, and are the oldest art form created by mankind. As early as in the paleolithic age, when humans were still in primitive society in the ignorant period, they were able to start decorating themselves and the environment with romantic imagination and strange patterns after making and using tools. In order to avoid design similarities, reduce the pressure of designers, and provide them with more creative inspiration, this paper proposes a wall painting pattern design method based on evolutionary art, and at the same time introduces fractal theory to assemble the created patterns, and finally designs the smart a modern wall painting pattern design system, through which many unique artistic wall painting works are generated through this CAD system, and the rendering simulation is carried out in a virtual environment.

Wall painting patterns can reduce the sense of restraint in the room. Bourrillon R believes that the scientific knowledge of the age and cultural background of the early discovery of graphic records is limited by the primitive archeological methods of that pioneer era and the loss and dissemination of many works discovered. He carried out new excavations and re-analyzed one of the key locations of such early discoveries, including the collapsed Abri Blanchard rock bunker. Although his research has provided new information on the background, age and relationship of the graphic images of Orignac in southwestern France, there are too few research samples [1]. Beer AR showed how to visualize and analyze the spatial distribution of surface erosion by observing paint erosion on the surface of natural bedrock. If the paint is applied uniformly, the resulting surface is relatively uniformly aggressive, so that the spatial variation of the paint erosion reflects the aggressive variation of the fluid and its entrained deposits. Even in the relatively narrow (5 m wide) canyon he studied, the erosion painting shows strong cross-flow changes in bedrock erosion, but the right side of the canyon only shows a narrow erosion 15–40 cm above the bed. Belt, this may be due to the deposited sediment shielding the lower part of the wall [2]. Sizikova E Reconstruction of two-dimensional murals (murals) from the fragments as a whole is an important issue for many archaeological sites. It is very difficult and time-consuming to manually place the fragments, especially when the fragments are irregular in shape and uncolored. He has proposed a system that first obtains a 3D surface scan of the fragments, and then uses computer algorithms to solve the reconstruction problem. These systems are suitable for small test cases and puzzles with unique functions. However, due to the complexity of the reconstruction search space, it is impossible to carry out large reconstructions of real murals with erosion and missing fragments. He introduced a novel algorithm to combine partial reconstructions that are robust to noise and outliers, and provided a new selection procedure that balances overall adaptability and diversity. Although his algorithm can achieve a larger and more accurate global reconstruction, the innovation of the research is not prominent enough [3]. Piovesan R studied mural materials from two Roman archaeological sites in Israel (the ancient province of Aidabia, later called Palestine in Syria). He studied a total of 165 samples and obtained a variety of analytical information from optical microscope, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, micro-Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, infrared spectroscopy, and portable energy dispersive X-supported scanning electron microscope. Although he took advantage of local raw materials, he could not identify seven different pigments, but the research lacked data [4].

This research mainly discusses the research and realization of the innovative design of wall painting patterns based on the microprocessor system and the evolution of computer technology. This article proposes a sub-graphics exchange method, the main idea is to achieve the overall aesthetic effect by exchanging the corresponding individual sub-graphics. In the software implementation scheme of embedded GPU, the design in the system implements OpenGL ES in the form of a library. The rendering component fills the generated cycloid pattern gradually, and the user only needs to select the appropriate color, and the system can automatically fill the pattern with color. The simulation component finally outputs the preview function of the wall painting pattern. The user can easily select the pattern that he wants to paint from the pattern library for preview. The user can also load the home wall photo taken by the digital camera by himself. The system can naturally store the pattern library. The wall painting works selected by the user and the simulation environment image are merged to generate a wall painting simulation effect diagram. In the process of wall painting pattern design, if you encounter a satisfactory pattern during evolution, you can save its parameters into the pattern database at any time. In the rendering simulation stage, if the user chooses to import wall photos by himself, the image format should be in jpg format, and the camera angle should be as close to the wall as possible, so that the wall painting pattern can be mapped vertically on the wall. The pattern design system designed in this study is highly innovative.

2 Innovative design of wall painting patterns

2.1 Evolution wall painting pattern

When designing an evolutionary system of wall painting pattern design, there are usually four aspects that need to be considered. The first is that the shape or image that needs to be evolved has a certain phenotype (Phenotype), that is, consider what method (mathematical model) to use to represent this evolved object. The second is to determine the genotype (Genotype), that is, use a certain coding scheme to encode the model that needs to be evolved. The third is to choose a suitable evolutionary algorithm to complete the evolution of the model. Finally, determine the appropriate fitness function to evaluate the generated model or image to ensure the smooth progress of the evolutionary algorithm [5, 6].

There are so many types of wall painting patterns that it is difficult to use a unified mathematical model to express them. Especially for complex wall painting patterns like landscapes and portraits, it is even more impossible to generalize with a single mathematical formula. Among the many wall painting works, there is a relatively simple abstract flower works. It is not difficult to find through observation that the lines of this type of works are relatively simple, and they often use symmetrical or mapping methods to draw, which is convenient to abstract mathematical models from them to simulate them. Therefore, this article mainly selects such wall painting works for discussion and research [7]. The wall painting pattern is shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 1
figure 1

Wall painting pattern (http://alturl.com/frpf3 and http://alturl.com/xgt3y)

According to the increase in the amount of remaining probability variables, the initial data is formed [8, 9].

$$f_{k} = \frac{1}{2}\sum\limits_{k = 1}^{m} {\left( {g_{2} \left( {\sum\limits_{j = 1}^{{s_{1} }} {w_{1} j_{k} g_{1} \left( {\sum\limits_{i = 1}^{r} {w_{2j} + \theta_{1j} } } \right) + \theta_{2k} } } \right) - y_{dk} } \right)}^{2}$$
(1)

Among them, \(\theta {}_{2k}\) is the threshold vector of the hidden layer and the output layer. The performance index is obtained by minimizing the average square deviation between the measured value and the model estimated value [10].

$$M = \sum\limits_{k = 1}^{N} {\left[ {y^{^{\prime}} \left( k \right) - y\left( k \right)} \right]}^{2} = \sum\limits_{k = 1}^{N} {\left[ {y^{^{\prime}} \left( k \right) - \sum\limits_{i = 1}^{M} {p_{i} F_{i} \left( x \right)} } \right]}^{2}$$
(2)

where \(y\left( k \right)\) is the measured value. The new priority mechanism is expressed as follows [11, 12].

$$Angle\left( {L,r} \right) = \arccos \left( {\frac{L \cdot r}{{L * \left| r \right|}}} \right)$$
(3)

The vector \(a\) is obtained by connecting each x to the starting point [13].

In order to prevent erroneous evaluation results due to data interference, a certain time model is used as the evaluation criterion [14, 15].

$$E_{c} = \frac{1}{L}\sqrt {\sum\nolimits_{i = 0}^{l - 1} {\left[ {y\left( {k - i} \right) - y_{m} \left( {k - i} \right)} \right]^{2} } }$$
(4)

Here, \(L\) is the evaluation time zone.\(E\) is the estimated mean square error of the time domain model [16]. Finally, the individual density value is obtained [17, 18].

$$K\left[ {i_{{}} } \right]_{d} = K\left[ {i_{{}} } \right] + \frac{{K\left[ {i_{{}} + 1} \right]_{m} - K\left[ {i_{{}} - 1} \right]_{m} }}{{f_{m}^{\max } - f_{m}^{\min } }}$$
(5)

Here, \(K\left[ i \right]_{d}\) represents the maintenance target value of MTH [19].

2.2 Evolutionary art design algorithm with sprite exchange

With social progress and market needs, pattern design is playing an increasingly important role in the field of design. On the one hand, pattern design is widely used in all walks of life. A large number of facts have proved that excellent pattern design can effectively attract the attention of consumer groups and stimulate consumption. The strong demand of the market has given a broad development space for modern pattern design. Evolutionary computing mainly includes important branches such as genetic algorithm, evolutionary programming, and genetic programming. The algorithm proposed in this paper is an improvement of the traditional evolutionary art algorithm. It uses a hierarchical structured coding method to encode patterns, and each pattern includes n sub-graphics. The algorithm is mainly driven by mutation operators, and at the same time introduces the idea of sub-graph exchange, that is, two patterns with low scores can be exchanged for some sub-graphs to obtain a new pattern, and the new pattern may be more artistic than the original pattern [20].

$${\text{Generation}}: = 0$$
(6)

Population initialization The designer manually sets the population number N, the variation probability P and the exchange probability P of the number of sub-individuals contained in each generation of individuals [21, 22].

$$\left\{ {\begin{array}{*{20}l} {P_{t} (i) = N_{i} b_{i} (o_{1} ),1 \le i \le N} \hfill \\ {\phi_{1} (i) = 0} \hfill \\ \end{array} } \right.$$
(7)

Designer score The designer scores according to the artistry of the overall pattern [23].

$$S_{t} (j) = \mathop {\max }\limits_{1 \le i \le N} \left[ {\delta_{1 - t} a_{ij} } \right]b_{j} (o_{t} )$$
(8)

Mutation generate individual offspring according to the mutation probability P (using the roulette method to select N * n * P genes for mutation) [24].

$$P* = \mathop {\max }\limits_{1 \le i \le N} \left[ {\delta_{T} (i)} \right] = {\text{N*n*P}}$$
(9)

Exchange According to the exchange probability P, exchange the sub-graphs of individuals with lower parental fitness, and recombine to generate new individuals.

The designer scores the newly generated individuals again:

$$P* = \mathop {\max }\limits_{1 \le i \le N} \left[ {\delta_{T} (i)} \right] = {\text{N*n*P}}$$
(10)

Selection The parent individual and the newly generated child individual compete at the same time, and select N highly adaptable individuals to enter the next generation:

$${\text{Generation}}: = {\text{Generation}} + {1}$$
(11)

2.3 Microprocessor

The traditional microprocessor design includes two stages: (1) the initial system structure design: optimize the selection of each component in the microprocessor under the constraints of area, delay and power consumption; (2) according to the designed microprocessor system structure carry out the actual physical design. The research in this paper is mainly oriented towards the optimization of the physical design in the microprocessor, and measures and guides the design of its system structure from a high level.

With the development of semiconductor technology to the nanometer level, the delay on the interconnection line has even exceeded the gate delay and has become an important factor in the design. However, in the traditional design process, when the delay performance is designed, the interconnection delay cannot be considered because there is no physical design information, which leads to non-convergence in the design. Therefore, in the initial stage of the design, a reasonable and effective estimation of the influence of the interconnection delay will greatly improve the design efficiency. Due to the increasing proportion of leakage current under the deep sub-micron process, the dynamic power consumption should be considered in the design stage and the leakage current power consumption should be considered at the same time. Clock turn-on control, frequency control and other technologies are used to reduce power consumption in future high-frequency designs. The microprocessor is shown as in Fig. 2.

Fig. 2
figure 2

Microprocessor (http://alturl.com/89f5e)

There have been some brand-new designs in the system structure, including the proposal of multi-threading technology to better improve the utilization of on-chip resources, but at the same time it also increases the average power density on the chip. This leads to a substantial increase in the temperature on the chip, and brings more serious reliability problems to the design. With the introduction of temperature problems, on the one hand, it is necessary to introduce a dynamic temperature management mechanism in the system design, and on the other hand, it is necessary to adopt a more effective cooling technology in the packaging technology. The power consumption caused by the leakage current is also part of the reason for the temperature rise, so it must be controlled to ensure that the chip can work at normal temperature [25].

$$L = \sum\limits_{i,j = 1,i \ne j}^{n} {\left( {x_{i} - \overline{x} } \right)} \left( {x_{j} - \overline{x} } \right)$$
(12)

where \(x_{i}\) is the selected predictor. After the correct selection of influencing factors, the multiple regression model is established as:

$$w_{i} = \beta_{0} + \beta_{1} x_{i1} + \beta_{2} x_{i2} + \cdots + \beta_{k} x_{ik} + \varepsilon_{i}$$
(13)

Among them, \(\beta_{1} ,\beta_{2} , \ldots \beta_{k}\) is called regression coefficient. When n observations of \(\left( {w;x_{1} ,x_{2} \cdots x_{k} } \right)\) are given, a multiple linear regression prediction model is obtained [26]:

$$\mathop {w_{i} }\limits^{ \wedge } = \mathop {\beta_{0} }\limits^{ \wedge } + \mathop {\beta_{1} }\limits^{ \wedge } x_{i1} + \mathop {\beta_{2} }\limits^{ \wedge } x_{i2} + \ldots + \mathop {\beta_{k} }\limits^{ \wedge } x_{ik} + \varepsilon_{i}$$
(14)

Among them, \(x_{i1} ,x_{i2} , \ldots ,x_{ik}\) is the ith observation value, denoted [27]:

$$\hat{\beta } = \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} {\beta_{0} } \\ {\beta_{1} } \\ \cdots \\ {\beta_{k} } \\ \end{array} } \right),\varepsilon = \left( {\begin{array}{*{20}c} {\varepsilon_{1} } \\ {\varepsilon_{2} } \\ \cdots \\ {\varepsilon_{n} } \\ \end{array} } \right)$$
(15)

3 Innovative design experiment of wall painting pattern

3.1 Evolutionary art design algorithm based on sub-graphic exchange strategy

The registers, register files and memory in the microprocessor can be protected by EDAC. This article proposes a sub-graphics exchange method, the main idea is to achieve the overall aesthetic effect by exchanging the corresponding individual sub-graphics. The specific steps are:

  1. (1)

    According to the exchange probability p, select the patterns in the good interval and the unqualified interval for pairwise pairing randomly. For an odd number of patterns, randomly select an already paired pattern to pair with the remaining patterns.

  2. (2)

    When the number of sub-graphics is not more than 3, calculate all possible exchanges according to the combination principle: when the number of sub-graphics is greater than 3, randomly select 20 possible exchange types.

  3. (3)

    The system automatically scales the sub-graphics to be combined to ensure the correct nesting between the graphics.

  4. (4)

    The designer chooses his favorite pattern to replace the original pattern.

3.2 Wall painting pattern system design

  1. (1)

    Composition of wall painting pattern system

    The wall painting pattern system is composed of graphics API, GPU driver, and GPU (graphics processing unit). The current 3D graphics processing standards have two OpenGL and DirectX. Program developers complete graphics drawing and graphics according to the corresponding standards and APIs choice of rendering method. The graphics API as an abstract layer shields the details of 3D graphics implementation and separates the application from the specific implementation of the wall painting pattern system, so that the same program can run well in different target wall painting pattern systems using the same API. Between the graphics API and graphics hardware is the driver. Different graphics processors have different drivers. The driver is the bridge between the API and the graphics processor. It translates the API functions called by the application into the underlying API that can be used by the GPU. Recognized and executed instructions. After these commands are executed by the GPU, they become rendered pixel data. The GPU writes these pixel data into the frame buffer, and the VGA/LCD controller sends the data in the frame buffer to the display.

    It can be seen that the design of the wall painting pattern system includes the hardware design of the GPU (graphics processing unit), the selection of the graphics standard API, and the design of the corresponding GPU driver. The internal structure of the wall painting pattern system is shown in Fig. 3.

  2. (2)

    System environment

    The performance of a microprocessor is measured by the time required to complete a specified task, and its influencing factors include: operating system design, compilation and optimization design, and internal organization of the microprocessor. A computer is used to automatically generate new shapes according to genetic algorithms and design rules. The designer selects the automatically generated shapes and performs further processing to produce creative design products. The DevKit8000 development board based on Texas Instruments (TI) OMAP3530 processor is used as the hardware development platform for software GPU functional verification. The omap3530 in the Devkit8000 development board supports operating systems such as Linux and wince, and the wince operating system is an operating system provided by Microsoft for embedded operating systems and requires special purchase. Linux is free, with sufficient technical information, excellent performance, and good performance. Security and stability. By cutting and modifying the Linux operating system, it can run well in embedded devices. Therefore, the Linux operating system is adopted in this article. Devkit8000 provides a complete Linux operating system. The complete system consists of four parts: x-loader, u-boot, kernel and rootfs.

  3. (3)

    Software implementation scheme of embedded GPU

Fig. 3
figure 3

The internal structure of the wall painting pattern system (http://alturl.com/atbw4)

The design in this system is to implement OpenGL ES in the form of a library. The application program sends vertex data and state control instructions to the library through the OpenGL ES API. The library processes these data and states in 3D graphics, generates the target frame image, and writes this frame image into the Frambuffer in the Linux system. The mapping through the system is displayed on the LCD. The research did not adopt the method of connecting with the local system through the EGL interface, but the method of directly rendering the Framebuffer through the generated soft GPU, which is the library, and displaying it on the LCD.

3.3 Pattern assembly module

Using the swash fractal assembly method, in order to facilitate the user to determine the irrational number, the system provides several commonly used irrational numbers, such as the golden section point φ (0.618), the pi ratio π (3.141596), the Feigenberg constant δ (8.7210978), Eulermass The Keroni constant γ (0.5772156649), the natural exponent e (2.7182818), and common irrational numbers such as square roots and logarithms. The final irrational numbers can be input by the user, or the sum or product of two common irrational numbers provided by the system can be used as a factor. The user selects beautiful flower-shaped patterns from the pattern library and manually places them around the vines, combines them into a wall painting work, and stores them in the corresponding pattern library.

3.4 Rendering simulation module

The traditional microprocessor design includes two stages: (1) The initial system structure design: Under the constraints of extension and power consumption, each component in the microprocessor is optimized and selected; (2) The actual physical design is carried out according to the design of the microprocessor system structure. Modern design presents a diversified trend. The application of 3D painting to the design of wall painting patterns is gradually entering people's field of vision. It conforms to the current aesthetic trend and can better demonstrate individual spiritual pursuits. In modern society, people's requirements for the quality of life are constantly increasing. In terms of dressing, they all pay attention to being “different”. The rendering simulation module has two functions: GDI + rendering of the cycloid pattern and simulation of the assembly result. The rendering component fills the generated cycloid pattern gradually, and the user only needs to select the appropriate color, and the system can automatically fill the pattern with color.

The simulation component finally outputs the preview function of the wall painting pattern. The user can easily select the pattern that he wants to spray from the pattern library for preview. The system has a built-in simulation picture of the home environment, and the user can also load the home wall photo taken by the digital camera. (Such as TV background, bedroom, bathroom, etc.), the system can naturally merge the wall painting works selected by the user in the pattern library with the simulation environment image to generate a wall painting simulation effect map, so that the user can see the final drawing in advance effect.

3.5 Wall painting pattern design process

The wall painting pattern system is a simple and intelligent wall painting pattern design system. For designers, they do not need to have a strong computer foundation. As long as they have an aesthetic vision and a solid art foundation, they can quickly and easily use this system to design beautiful wall paintings.

People are tired of repetitive and too traditional wall painting designs. In the context of a diversified society, personalized designs increasingly show its cultural characteristics. Microprocessor design is a complex design system that requires multi-level design to optimize multi-objectives. In order to better evaluate the multiple combinations in the design space, it is necessary to combine the information of the physical design to optimize the performance of the system design.

  1. (1)

    If you encounter a satisfactory pattern during evolution, you can save its parameters into the pattern database at any time.

  2. (2)

    In the mutation link, the number of locked genes should not be too many, otherwise it will severely reduce the search space and reduce the search efficiency.

  3. (3)

    In the manual evaluation stage, the designer can first determine a pattern in a good interval, and use this as a standard, and then evaluate other patterns, and patterns better than it will enter the excellent interval, otherwise it will enter the unqualified interval. In the evaluation process, a uniform standard should be used for scoring, otherwise it may increase the search algebra and extend the search time.

  4. (4)

    The evolutionary algebra should not be too much (within 100 generations), because at this time the system may have already found a pattern that meets the requirements according to the designer's aesthetic standards. As the evolution continues, the probability of getting a “good” pattern will decrease significantly.

  5. (5)

    When selecting flower body fractal assembly, there are certain requirements for the input of parameters, that is, the input irrational number needs to retain more effective digits (usually retained to 5 digits after the decimal point), so as to generate beautiful fractal patterns, the probability is greater.

  6. (6)

    In the rendering simulation stage, if the user chooses to import wall photos by himself, the image format should be in jpg format, and the photography angle should be as close to the wall as possible, so that the wall painting pattern can be mapped vertically on the wall. At the same time, the choice of wall surface should be solid color, light-toned wall surface, in order to highlight the decorative effect of the wall painting pattern.

4 Results and discussion

4.1 Wall painting pattern design analysis

Indoor functional furnishings include sofas, cabinets, tables, beds and other furniture designs. In addition to practical and symbolic functions, furniture also has aesthetic functions. Generally speaking, the modern understanding of pattern design is to consider all patterns, graphics, and even symbols that can cause visual beauty and convey information. Its form can be flat or three-dimensional, and is based on materials, craftsmanship, and decorative design with certain requirements for comprehensive conditions such as aesthetic function is a form of artistic expression that combines decoration and practicality.Evolutionary computing uses the group search technology to represent the population as a set of problem solutions. Through a series of genetic operations such as selection, crossover, and mutation on the current population, a new generation of population is generated, and the population is gradually evolved to contain approximately optimal solutions state. The aesthetic function of furniture is mainly that its form, color, material, texture, surface processing and decoration conform to the aesthetic psychology of people. The control interface of the microprocessor is shown as in Fig. 4. Through the rendering of different module functions, the purpose of wall painting pattern design is achieved.

Fig. 4
figure 4

The control interface of the microprocessor (http://alturl.com/rnvzz)

The pattern is the reproduction of the real life and spiritual world of human beings. At first, the pattern was a description and portrayal of life scenes such as nature and hunting, expressing inner prayers and worship and fear of unknown natural forces. This is reflected in the cave paintings of early mankind. The pattern also shows all aspects of people's colorful life. With the development of society today, with the development of economy and the increasing improvement of people’s living standards, people’s demand for living space has changed from practicability, economy to comfort, culture, and individuality. People have higher requirements for living space and aesthetics. The taste has changed dramatically.

Parametric aided design can be said to be a method of generating design schemes through computer programming technology, which is suitable for any different fields and some cross-border research. Parametric design can provide us with rich forms. It relies on computer logic to generate seemingly disordered structures, but it is actually a system that uses purely rational thinking instead of subjective imagination to design. There are two ways of coloring, one is to directly select a color to fill, then this method will make the entire surface the same color. The other only defines the color of the vertices, and the surface color between the vertices is a gradient between the colors of the two vertices. The texture mapping of the image is carried out through computer-aided technology, and then the color rendering is carried out with the help of a microprocessor, and the primitives are stored in the system. The system parameterized auxiliary design is shown in Fig. 5.

Fig. 5
figure 5

System parameterization aided design

The pattern exists in practical applications. Patterns do not exist separately in abstract, each pattern is attached to certain objects, materials and processing methods. These practical factors not only limit the form of patterns on specific objects, but also make various patterns distinctive and full of visual experience. In the design of interior space, people can visually adjust the compact space through wall painting.

Wall painting has the function of spatial extension whether in the interior space design or in the urban space. The wall painting that only uses the evolution of computer technology seems relatively monotonous, but the definition of the microprocessor system is relatively high, and the three-dimensional effect presented is very realistic. Two-dimensional and three-dimensional wall paintings are shown in Fig. 6.

Fig. 6
figure 6

Two-dimensional and three-dimensional wall painting

4.2 Fitness evaluation analysis

The designer is the key to the evolution process. He controls the direction of the evolution of works and affects the diversity of the entire population. Once the population loses diversity, all works will evolve in one direction and one mode. It is difficult for teachers to get satisfactory works. Therefore, an important factor in the process of evolution is to give designers enough freedom to control the direction of the entire evolution. For evolutionary computing, a fitness function is needed to evaluate the pros and cons of the generated individuals during the evolution process, but for the generation of works of art, it is difficult to find a mathematical formula to describe the quality of works of art. In this case, the commonly used method is that the designer manually evaluates the generated works, and assigns corresponding fitness scores according to the artistic and innovative nature of the work. At this time, a good fitness score is divided into the entire evolutionary score another key factor.

Let’s take a population of 8 individuals as an example, and conduct the following experiments. Three senior wall painters evolve 10 generations and 20 respectively based on the standard of 1–3 points, the standard of 1–6 points, and the standard of 1–9 points. For generations, 50 s, and 100 s, record the number of satisfactory works accumulated during this period (that is, the number of works stored by the user). When the evolutionary algebra is relatively small, the results of the three standards are not much different, but as the evolutionary algebra increases, the fitness division scheme of the 1–6 score standard has obvious advantages. Among them, the 1–3 score standard is too broad to describe the pros and cons of evolutionary individuals one by one: and the 1–9 score standard is too detailed. When there are many evolutionary algebras, designers cannot accurately score the evolutionary individuals. A designer scores are shown in Table 1.

Table 1 A designer score

Different designers have different evaluation criteria. When evolving the same algebra, some designers store more good individuals, and some designers store less. This is in line with the characteristics of evolutionary art: different designers have different concepts of beauty, and everyone has their own standards. The score of designer B is shown in Table 2.

Table 2 B designer score

When the evolutionary algebra reaches a certain level, the probability of good works is reduced. Therefore, designers should pay attention to the evolutionary algebra in specific operations. When there are fewer artistic patterns, they can choose to reinitialize the population to ensure the diversity of the population. C designer scores are shown in Table 3.

Table 3 C designer score

Through the above comparative research, this paper finally chooses the 1–6 point classification standard, that is, the designer’s score is divided into 6 levels − 1 to 6 points. The higher the score, the stronger the artistry of the work and the more beautiful the work. At the same time, 3 intervals are artificially divided, namely excellent interval (6 points and 5 points), good interval (4 points and 3 points) and unqualified interval (2 points and 1 point), and the span of each interval is two points. In this way, an evaluation system for designers is established, which is convenient for future evolutionary work. The three designers store their works as shown in Fig. 7.

Fig. 7
figure 7

Three designers store their works

4.3 System performance analysis

This section analyzes and compares the overall fault tolerance performance of the circuit. Under the guarantee that the voting unit is not disturbed by transient faults, 1000 transient faults are randomly injected into the registers, op1, op2, sig_full, and clock lines during the running time of 1 ms. In Fig. 8, the deviation between the clock lines is lns, and the glitch width on the combinational circuit and the clock line is 2 ns. System fault tolerance is shown in Fig. 8.

Fig. 8
figure 8

System fault tolerance

There are some modules in the chip that do not require a high voltage to maintain its normal operation. Compared with the processor module, the gate and storage circuit (srams) modules can operate at a relatively low voltage to maintain normal operation. Then you can use partitioned power supply to reduce the power supply voltage of some modules without affecting the performance of the entire chip. The voltage island technology is used in the system-on-chip. Each island represents an area, contains multiple modules, and uses multiple different voltages to supply power at the chip level. The new design method can reduce the local power consumption of the chip. If a large number of voltage islands are used in the chip, the power supply network will become extremely complicated, and it will also bring troubles to the circuit timing analysis, power supply wiring and clock distribution. Therefore, the number of voltage islands must be controlled not too much. These factors will increase the design and manufacturing cost of the chip. In order to reduce the number of voltage islands, modules with the same supply voltage can be clustered. However, arranging high power supply modules in the same voltage island will cause overheating in the voltage island area, so hotspots should be avoided while reducing power consumption. The power comparison of different temperatures and voltages is shown in Table 4.

Table 4 Comparison of power at different temperatures and voltages

In order to display the decoded pictures, this article connects the VGA interface of the microprocessor development board to the display. The resolution of the entire screen is 800 * 600, and the decoded pictures used are at a resolution of 400 * 300. The VGA video memory is divided into 4 blocks, and the decoded pictures are placed in the first video memory. Because the reorganization of the MCU blocks of the two schemes is completed by the NiosII processor of a computing node, and transferred to the VGA module through DMA In the video memory. The resource consumption of the microprocessor development board is shown in Table 5.

Table 5 Microprocessor development board resource consumption

The processing efficiency of the wall painting system is shown in Fig. 9. The entire wall painting system design is correctly mapped to the microprocessor development board to run, the system working frequency is 50 MHz, the working frequency of the VGA display is 38.25 MHz, the research shows that the processor correctly realizes the multi-core JPEG decoding function, the system pattern processing efficiency reaches 91%. The network interface module has completed the data unpacking and grouping work well, and the router node has correctly completed the message transmission work.

Fig. 9
figure 9

Processing efficiency of wall painting system

5 Conclusion

In the process of using the system for wall painting pattern design, it is more obvious that the human–computer interaction is too frequent. Almost every step requires the direct participation of the designer, although this can ensure that the evolution direction of the population conforms to the designer’s subjective willingness, but it will directly affect the speed of evolution, especially when there are more evolutionary algebras, designers are likely to produce aesthetic fatigue, which will affect the normal manual evaluation system. The development of modern microprocessors has made it possible to find design errors at the high-level design level as early as possible in the design process, avoiding the discovery of violations at the physical design level and leading to system design iterations. Wall painting is not only limited to the wall painting itself, it is more of a social fashion, and through rich decorative effects, it expresses the care for social culture and life attitude. If an automatic evaluation mechanism can be established to allow the program to automatically evolve wall painting works according to the artistic quality of the pattern, it will greatly shorten the evolution time and reduce the designer's workload. But this is a very difficult task, because different designers have different aesthetic standards, it is difficult to evaluate the artistic beauty of works through a fitness function. In the next step, we plan to establish different evaluation functions, from which designers can select functions that meet their own aesthetic standards, and then determine the evaluation system. For the generated wall painting patterns, it is often necessary to coordinate with the user's overall indoor environment. In this system, the color matching is independently selected by the designer based on his own design experience. The physical design for microprocessor design is a module-level layout planning design, so a fast and effective layout planning tool is needed to realize the placement of functional modules. And 3Dpainting based on microprocessor structure has certain advantages in computational complexity, optimization efficiency and flexibility, and has good scalability. In the future work, it is planned to extract the main color system of environmental pictures through the preparation of related programs, and then use certain algorithms and color matching strategies to match the colors of the patterns, and finally design the wall painting works with visual impact.

Availability of data and materials

Data sharing does not apply to this article because no data set was generated or analyzed during the current research period.

Change history

Abbreviations

OpenGL ES:

Open graphics library for embedded system

3D:

Three-dimensional

GPU:

Graphics processing unit

LCD:

Liquid crystal display

JPEG:

Joint photographic experts group

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Funding

Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project of Anhui Province (Project No.: AHSky2018D82).

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FX: Writing—editing; Data analysis; Sampling method. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Feng Xue was born in Nanjing, Jiangsu Province of the People's Republic of China. He graduated from the Department of Art, Huaibei Normal University, majoring in Fine Arts. Now he is engaged in the teaching of basic courses of art design and the research of contemporary painting.

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Correspondence to Feng Xue.

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Xue, F. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Innovative design of wall painting pattern based on microprocessor system and evolutionary computer technology. EURASIP J. Adv. Signal Process. 2021, 100 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13634-021-00810-x

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